freedomrankings.comProperty Rights
How well a state protects what you own varies widely — from eminent-domain rules that decide when the government can take your land, to zoning and land-use regimes that dictate what you can build. This ranking scores all 50 states on property-rights freedom so you can see where ownership is most secure and where it is most constrained.
New Hampshire leads all 50 states for Property Rights with a score of 9.5/10, followed by North Dakota and South Dakota. New York ranks last. Each state is scored 0–10 on Property Rights from established, annually-updated third-party indexes.
Score reflects eminent-domain protections, land-use and zoning freedom, and regulatory takings. Darker green = stronger; click any state for its full breakdown.
New Hampshire ranks #1 for property-rights freedom, scoring 9.5/10 — typically a state with strong eminent-domain limits and lighter land-use restrictions. The full ranking is above.
Eminent domain is the government’s power to take private property for public use, with compensation. Since the 2005 Kelo decision, 47 states have strengthened protections against takings for private development.
New York ranks lowest on property-rights freedom, reflecting weaker eminent-domain limits and heavier land-use and zoning restrictions.
The property-rights score draws on eminent-domain protections, the Institute for Justice’s reform grades, and land-use/zoning freedom measures. See the methodology page for sources.