Across the hybrid multi-source index, North Dakota is above average in overall freedom, ranking #4 of 50 states with a score of 70.8/100. Its strongest areas are regulatory burden, property rights, 2nd amendment, while it scores lowest in drug policy, 4th amendment, education choice.
How North Dakota performs in each freedom category, ranked best to worst.
Score movements from the Cato 2023 baseline to the current hybrid multi-source index.
9 categories improved · 1 declined · 0 stable
Each score is drawn from the publisher listed on the tile. Hover the source chip for edition and methodology detail.
North Dakota ranks stronger than most states for free-speech protections, as measured by press-shield and anti-SLAPP laws, public-forum protections, and limits on protest restrictions.
Guns & Ammo 2023 — rank 5/50
North Dakota ranks among the strongest in the nation for gun rights (5th of 50), as measured by carry permitting, magazine and assault-weapon limits, and red-flag laws.
IJ Policing for Profit 2025 — forfeiture grade D-
North Dakota ranks near the national middle for privacy and search protections, as measured by civil-asset-forfeiture limits, digital-warrant requirements, and surveillance rules.
Fraser EFNA 2024 (Overall subn score 7.55 for 2023) — rank 9/50
North Dakota ranks stronger than most states for economic freedom (9th of 50), as measured by income, sales, and property taxes alongside the broader business climate.
Vera People in Prison 2024 — rank 13/50 (246/100k)
North Dakota ranks stronger than most states for criminal-justice fairness (13th of 50), as measured by incarceration rates, police accountability, and sentencing policy.
Cannabis status 2025 — Medical + Decrim (comprehensive medical program, possession decriminalized)
North Dakota ranks stronger than most states for drug-policy freedom, as measured by marijuana legality, decriminalization, and drug-offense sentencing.
IJ Eminent Domain 2025 — post-Kelo protections A
North Dakota ranks among the strongest in the nation for property rights, as measured by eminent-domain limits, zoning flexibility, and rent-control rules.
North Dakota ranks stronger than most states for religious liberty, as measured by a state RFRA, conscience protections, and religious-use accommodations.
EdChoice ABCs 2025 — no private-choice program, no programs
North Dakota ranks among the weakest in the nation for school choice, as measured by vouchers, education savings accounts, and charter and homeschool access.
Mercatus RegData 2024 — rank 3/48 (55,561 restrictions)
North Dakota ranks among the strongest in the nation for regulatory freedom (3rd of 48), as measured by occupational licensing and business-entry barriers.
Provenance
1st Amendment
FreedomRankings Editorial (no strong annual state-level source exists for 1st Amendment speech protections)
2nd Amendment
Guns & Ammo "Best States for Gun Owners"
4th Amendment
Institute for Justice -- "Policing for Profit" (asset forfeiture grades)
Economic Freedom
Fraser Institute -- Economic Freedom of North America (EFNA)
Criminal Justice
Vera Institute -- "People in Prison" (annual incarceration data)
Drug Policy
Per-state cannabis legality status (composite: NORML state pages, DISA legality map, NCSL medical cannabis tracker)
Property Rights
Institute for Justice -- Eminent Domain / Castle Coalition
Religious Liberty
FreedomRankings Editorial (no strong annual state-level source exists for religious liberty rankings)
Education Choice
EdChoice -- "ABCs of School Choice"
Regulatory Burden
Mercatus Center -- RegData state regulatory restrictions
North Dakota ranks #4 of 50 US states for overall freedom, with a score of 70.8/100 on the 2026 FreedomRankings index of constitutional rights, economic freedom, and personal liberty. Its strongest freedom is Regulatory Burden (9.6/10); its weakest is Education Choice (1.5/10).
Frequently Asked
Answers are generated from North Dakota's actual category scores and rank. Toggle the source to recompute against a different dataset.
North Dakota ranks #4 of 50 US states with a freedom score of 70.8/100. The score is a weighted average of 10 categories — constitutional rights, economic freedom, criminal justice, drug policy, education choice, and more — drawn from the FreedomRankings Hybrid multi-source index (Fraser Institute, EdChoice, Institute for Justice, Vera Institute, NORML, Mercatus RegData, Guns & Ammo).
North Dakota scores highest in Regulatory Burden (9.6/10), Property Rights (9.5/10), and 2nd Amendment (9.2/10). These are the categories where North Dakota is most protective of individual liberty relative to other US states.
North Dakota scores lowest in Education Choice (1.5/10), 4th Amendment (4.5/10), and Drug Policy (6.5/10). These are the categories where North Dakota is most restrictive relative to other US states.
North Dakota scores 9.2/10 on Second Amendment / gun rights, which places it among the most gun-friendly states in the country. This score reflects carry laws, permit requirements, magazine and assault-weapon restrictions, red flag laws, and castle doctrine / stand-your-ground protections.
North Dakota scores 8.4/10 on economic freedom, placing it among the top states for economic freedom. The score reflects state income-tax rates, sales and property taxes, business tax climate, right-to-work status, and the overall regulatory burden on economic activity.
North Dakota scores 6.5/10 on drug policy, which makes it relatively permissive on drug policy. The score incorporates recreational and medical marijuana legality, decriminalization of possession, harm-reduction programs, and sentencing for drug offenses.
North Dakota scores 1.5/10 on education choice, placing it among the most restrictive states for education freedom. The score reflects voucher programs, education savings accounts, charter-school access, homeschool regulations, and tax-credit scholarships.
Each of North Dakota's 10 category scores (0–10) is a weighted average, then multiplied by 10 to produce the overall 0–100 freedom score. Categories are weighted equally by default, but visitors can adjust the weights on the rankings page to produce a personalised ranking. The default source is the FreedomRankings Hybrid multi-source index; the Cato Institute 2023 edition and an editorial assessment are also available as toggles. See the methodology page for per-category source attribution.
Click any official to view their full profile, donors, and financial info.
North Dakota ranks #4 of 50 states for overall freedom in 2026, with a score of 70.8/100 — 13.2 points above the 50-state average of 57.6/100. It scores above the national average in 6 of its 10 freedoms, a quick read on whether North Dakota is broadly free or strong in just a few areas.
North Dakota’s best freedoms are regulatory burden and property rights. North Dakota ranks among the strongest in the nation for regulatory freedom (3rd of 48), as measured by occupational licensing and business-entry barriers. North Dakota ranks among the strongest in the nation for property rights, as measured by eminent-domain limits, zoning flexibility, and rent-control rules.
North Dakota scores lowest on education choice and 4th amendment. North Dakota ranks among the weakest in the nation for school choice, as measured by vouchers, education savings accounts, and charter and homeschool access. North Dakota ranks near the national middle for privacy and search protections, as measured by civil-asset-forfeiture limits, digital-warrant requirements, and surveillance rules.
North Dakota’s closest neighbors in the ranking are Montana (#3, 72.1/100) and Arizona (#5, 69.3/100). Use the comparison tool to see exactly which freedoms separate them, category by category.
See how all 50 states stack up on the issues that drive North Dakota’s score.
Popular head-to-head matchups, or compare North Dakota with any state.
