Across the hybrid multi-source index, New York is below average in overall freedom, ranking #49 of 50 states with a score of 41.3/100. Its strongest areas are drug policy, criminal justice, 1st amendment, while it scores lowest in regulatory burden, economic freedom, 2nd amendment.
How New York performs in each freedom category, ranked best to worst.
Score movements from the Cato 2023 baseline to the current hybrid multi-source index.
5 categories improved · 4 declined · 1 stable
Each score is drawn from the publisher listed on the tile. Hover the source chip for edition and methodology detail.
New York ranks stronger than most states for free-speech protections, as measured by press-shield and anti-SLAPP laws, public-forum protections, and limits on protest restrictions.
Guns & Ammo 2023 — rank 50/50
New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for gun rights (50th of 50), as measured by carry permitting, magazine and assault-weapon limits, and red-flag laws.
IJ Policing for Profit 2025 — forfeiture grade C
New York ranks stronger than most states for privacy and search protections, as measured by civil-asset-forfeiture limits, digital-warrant requirements, and surveillance rules.
Fraser EFNA 2024 (Overall subn score 4.39 for 2023) — rank 49/50
New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for economic freedom (49th of 50), as measured by income, sales, and property taxes alongside the broader business climate.
Vera People in Prison 2024 — rank 6/50 (168/100k)
New York ranks among the strongest in the nation for criminal-justice fairness (6th of 50), as measured by incarceration rates, police accountability, and sentencing policy.
Cannabis status 2025 — Fully Legal (recreational use legal, retail sales operating)
New York ranks among the strongest in the nation for drug-policy freedom, as measured by marijuana legality, decriminalization, and drug-offense sentencing.
IJ Eminent Domain 2025 — post-Kelo protections F
New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for property rights, as measured by eminent-domain limits, zoning flexibility, and rent-control rules.
New York ranks near the national middle for religious liberty, as measured by a state RFRA, conscience protections, and religious-use accommodations.
EdChoice ABCs 2025 — no private-choice program, no programs
New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for school choice, as measured by vouchers, education savings accounts, and charter and homeschool access.
Mercatus RegData 2024 — rank 47/48 (300,095 restrictions)
New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for regulatory freedom (47th of 48), as measured by occupational licensing and business-entry barriers.
Provenance
1st Amendment
FreedomRankings Editorial (no strong annual state-level source exists for 1st Amendment speech protections)
2nd Amendment
Guns & Ammo "Best States for Gun Owners"
4th Amendment
Institute for Justice -- "Policing for Profit" (asset forfeiture grades)
Economic Freedom
Fraser Institute -- Economic Freedom of North America (EFNA)
Criminal Justice
Vera Institute -- "People in Prison" (annual incarceration data)
Drug Policy
Per-state cannabis legality status (composite: NORML state pages, DISA legality map, NCSL medical cannabis tracker)
Property Rights
Institute for Justice -- Eminent Domain / Castle Coalition
Religious Liberty
FreedomRankings Editorial (no strong annual state-level source exists for religious liberty rankings)
Education Choice
EdChoice -- "ABCs of School Choice"
Regulatory Burden
Mercatus Center -- RegData state regulatory restrictions
New York ranks #49 of 50 US states for overall freedom, with a score of 41.3/100 on the 2026 FreedomRankings index of constitutional rights, economic freedom, and personal liberty. Its strongest freedom is Drug Policy (9.5/10); its weakest is 2nd Amendment (0.0/10).
Frequently Asked
Answers are generated from New York's actual category scores and rank. Toggle the source to recompute against a different dataset.
New York ranks #49 of 50 US states with a freedom score of 41.3/100. The score is a weighted average of 10 categories — constitutional rights, economic freedom, criminal justice, drug policy, education choice, and more — drawn from the FreedomRankings Hybrid multi-source index (Fraser Institute, EdChoice, Institute for Justice, Vera Institute, NORML, Mercatus RegData, Guns & Ammo).
New York scores highest in Drug Policy (9.5/10), Criminal Justice (9/10), and 1st Amendment (8/10). These are the categories where New York is most protective of individual liberty relative to other US states.
New York scores lowest in 2nd Amendment (0/10), Economic Freedom (0.2/10), and Regulatory Burden (0.6/10). These are the categories where New York is most restrictive relative to other US states.
New York scores 0/10 on Second Amendment / gun rights, which places it among the strictest firearms regimes in the United States. This score reflects carry laws, permit requirements, magazine and assault-weapon restrictions, red flag laws, and castle doctrine / stand-your-ground protections.
New York scores 0.2/10 on economic freedom, placing it among the most restrictive states for economic freedom. The score reflects state income-tax rates, sales and property taxes, business tax climate, right-to-work status, and the overall regulatory burden on economic activity.
New York scores 9.5/10 on drug policy, which makes it among the most permissive drug-policy regimes in the country. The score incorporates recreational and medical marijuana legality, decriminalization of possession, harm-reduction programs, and sentencing for drug offenses.
New York scores 1.5/10 on education choice, placing it among the most restrictive states for education freedom. The score reflects voucher programs, education savings accounts, charter-school access, homeschool regulations, and tax-credit scholarships.
Each of New York's 10 category scores (0–10) is a weighted average, then multiplied by 10 to produce the overall 0–100 freedom score. Categories are weighted equally by default, but visitors can adjust the weights on the rankings page to produce a personalised ranking. The default source is the FreedomRankings Hybrid multi-source index; the Cato Institute 2023 edition and an editorial assessment are also available as toggles. See the methodology page for per-category source attribution.
Click any official to view their full profile, donors, and financial info.
New York ranks #49 of 50 states for overall freedom in 2026, with a score of 41.3/100 — 16.3 points below the 50-state average of 57.6/100. It scores above the national average in 4 of its 10 freedoms, a quick read on whether New York is broadly free or strong in just a few areas.
New York’s best freedoms are drug policy and criminal justice. New York ranks among the strongest in the nation for drug-policy freedom, as measured by marijuana legality, decriminalization, and drug-offense sentencing. New York ranks among the strongest in the nation for criminal-justice fairness (6th of 50), as measured by incarceration rates, police accountability, and sentencing policy.
New York scores lowest on 2nd amendment and economic freedom. New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for gun rights (50th of 50), as measured by carry permitting, magazine and assault-weapon limits, and red-flag laws. New York ranks among the weakest in the nation for economic freedom (49th of 50), as measured by income, sales, and property taxes alongside the broader business climate.
New York’s closest neighbors in the ranking are Delaware (#48, 43/100) and Hawaii (#50, 40.9/100). Use the comparison tool to see exactly which freedoms separate them, category by category.
See how all 50 states stack up on the issues that drive New York’s score.
Popular head-to-head matchups, or compare New York with any state.
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