IRS tax-return data · 2022–2023

Idaho Migration: Who Moved In, Who Moved Out

Where people who left Idaho went, where its new arrivals came from, and the income that moved with them. Counted from the addresses on tax returns.

Source data last read October 10, 2026. The IRS publishes one edition a year.

Moved in

66,095

People, from other states, 2022–2023

Moved out

53,356

People, to other states, 2022–2023

Net

+12,739

People: moved in minus moved out

Net income

$988 million

Arrivals’ income minus leavers’, earned in 2022

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing seasons, 66,095 people appear on tax returns that moved into Idaho from another state, and 53,356 on returns that moved out. On balance Idaho gained 12,739 people to the rest of the country. The households that arrived reported $2.91 billion in income and the ones that left reported $1.92 billion.

Its largest net gain came from California (+9,673), and its largest net loss was to Florida (−469).

What this counts, and what it does not

These are tax returns, not a head count. The IRS compares the address on a return filed in 2022 with the address on the same taxpayer’s return filed in 2023. “People” is the number of individuals listed on those returns.

Anyone who did not file in both years is missing: many students, retirees and low earners with no filing requirement, and anyone whose two returns could not be matched. The real number of people who moved is higher.

The address is a mailing address, which is not always where someone lives, and a move is dated by when the return was filed, not when the truck was loaded.

Income is the adjusted gross income on the second return (earned in 2022), attributed to the state the household moved to. It measures the income of the people who moved, not money a state “lost” or “gained”: much of it is wages from a job that may itself have changed.

Moves to and from other countries, military post offices and the US territories are not included in the totals here, and the IRS withholds any state-to-state flow of fewer than ten returns.

Where people who left Idaho went

1Washington8,508
2Utah6,327
3California5,172
4Oregon4,395
5Texas3,358
6Arizona3,043
7Montana1,916
8Florida1,892
9Nevada1,665
10Colorado1,663

Top 10 destinations for people leaving Idaho, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Where new arrivals came from

1California14,845
2Washington11,112
3Utah6,276
4Oregon5,732
5Arizona3,143
6Texas2,956
7Nevada2,341
8Colorado2,134
9Montana1,821
10Florida1,423

Top 10 origins of people moving to Idaho, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Idaho and every other state

People moving in each direction, and the difference. A positive net means Idaho gained from that state.

State	Moved in from	Moved out to	Net
Alabama	266	363	−97
Alaska	750	560	+190
Arizona	3,143	3,043	+100
Arkansas	266	464	−198
California	14,845	5,172	+9,673
Colorado	2,134	1,663	+471
Connecticut	122	76	+46
Delaware	42	54	−12
District of Columbia	68	60	+8
Florida	1,423	1,892	−469
Georgia	550	634	−84
Hawaii	489	430	+59
Illinois	534	439	+95
Indiana	379	413	−34
Iowa	317	344	−27
Kansas	333	385	−52
Kentucky	201	309	−108
Louisiana	221	179	+42
Maine	103	164	−61
Maryland	255	248	+7
Massachusetts	209	164	+45
Michigan	447	574	−127
Minnesota	457	531	−74
Mississippi	185	151	+34
Missouri	550	723	−173
Montana	1,821	1,916	−95
Nebraska	271	325	−54
Nevada	2,341	1,665	+676
New Hampshire	83	80	+3
New Jersey	206	155	+51
New Mexico	488	494	−6
New York	518	427	+91
North Carolina	746	909	−163
North Dakota	352	460	−108
Ohio	477	547	−70
Oklahoma	410	464	−54
Oregon	5,732	4,395	+1,337
Pennsylvania	400	428	−28
Rhode Island	32	31	+1
South Carolina	406	589	−183
South Dakota	269	279	−10
Tennessee	471	794	−323
Texas	2,956	3,358	−402
Utah	6,276	6,327	−51
Vermont	99	63	+36
Virginia	724	641	+83
Washington	11,112	8,508	+2,604
West Virginia	61	122	−61
Wisconsin	376	436	−60
Wyoming	1,179	908	+271

Migration between Idaho and each other state, people on matched tax returns, 2022–2023.

Sources and methods

Every figure on this page comes from one of the datasets below and nowhere else. Nothing is estimated, interpolated or carried over from a previous edition. Where two sources measure something similar, they are reported separately rather than combined, because they are not measuring the same thing.

SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state outflow
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
Covers
Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
Last read
October 10, 2026
The IRS matches each individual income tax return filed in 2022 to the same taxpayer’s return filed in 2023 and compares the addresses. People and income are taken from the second return, so the income is what those households earned in 2022. Amounts are published in thousands of dollars.
Exact file we read Publisher’s page
SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state inflow
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
Covers
Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
Last read
October 10, 2026
The same flows listed by destination instead of origin. We read both files and publish a flow only when the two agree on it, which they do for every pair. The publisher’s page linked here is the IRS users guide, which defines every term used on this page.
Exact file we read Publisher’s page

Found something wrong? Our corrections log records every fix we have made, and we would rather hear about an error than have it stand.

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