IRS tax-return data · 2022–2023

Texas Migration: Who Moved In, Who Moved Out

Where people who left Texas went, where its new arrivals came from, and the income that moved with them. Counted from the addresses on tax returns.

Source data last read October 10, 2026. The IRS publishes one edition a year.

Moved in

553,369

People, from other states, 2022–2023

Moved out

440,888

People, to other states, 2022–2023

Net

+112,481

People: moved in minus moved out

Net income

$5.54 billion

Arrivals’ income minus leavers’, earned in 2022

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing seasons, 553,369 people appear on tax returns that moved into Texas from another state, and 440,888 on returns that moved out. On balance Texas gained 112,481 people to the rest of the country. The households that arrived reported $25.7 billion in income and the ones that left reported $20.2 billion.

Its largest net gain came from California (+41,249), and its largest net loss was to Colorado (−3,499).

What this counts, and what it does not

These are tax returns, not a head count. The IRS compares the address on a return filed in 2022 with the address on the same taxpayer’s return filed in 2023. “People” is the number of individuals listed on those returns.

Anyone who did not file in both years is missing: many students, retirees and low earners with no filing requirement, and anyone whose two returns could not be matched. The real number of people who moved is higher.

The address is a mailing address, which is not always where someone lives, and a move is dated by when the return was filed, not when the truck was loaded.

Income is the adjusted gross income on the second return (earned in 2022), attributed to the state the household moved to. It measures the income of the people who moved, not money a state “lost” or “gained”: much of it is wages from a job that may itself have changed.

Moves to and from other countries, military post offices and the US territories are not included in the totals here, and the IRS withholds any state-to-state flow of fewer than ten returns.

Where people who left Texas went

1California41,232
2Florida35,016
3Colorado25,282
4Oklahoma21,762
5Louisiana19,642
6Georgia16,796
7North Carolina15,847
8Washington15,695
9Arizona14,676
10Virginia14,008

Top 10 destinations for people leaving Texas, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Where new arrivals came from

1California82,481
2Florida41,655
3Louisiana27,449
4Colorado21,783
5New York21,697
6Illinois21,406
7Georgia19,575
8Washington19,119
9Oklahoma18,390
10Arizona17,750

Top 10 origins of people moving to Texas, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Texas and every other state

People moving in each direction, and the difference. A positive net means Texas gained from that state.

State	Moved in from	Moved out to	Net
Alabama	7,913	7,120	+793
Alaska	2,738	2,433	+305
Arizona	17,750	14,676	+3,074
Arkansas	11,833	13,787	−1,954
California	82,481	41,232	+41,249
Colorado	21,783	25,282	−3,499
Connecticut	3,755	2,376	+1,379
Delaware	1,196	857	+339
District of Columbia	1,298	1,460	−162
Florida	41,655	35,016	+6,639
Georgia	19,575	16,796	+2,779
Hawaii	5,069	3,726	+1,343
Idaho	3,358	2,956	+402
Illinois	21,406	13,611	+7,795
Indiana	7,998	6,700	+1,298
Iowa	4,143	3,808	+335
Kansas	8,598	7,338	+1,260
Kentucky	4,894	4,631	+263
Louisiana	27,449	19,642	+7,807
Maine	1,043	1,327	−284
Maryland	9,313	6,367	+2,946
Massachusetts	6,913	5,207	+1,706
Michigan	11,035	8,838	+2,197
Minnesota	7,586	5,633	+1,953
Mississippi	8,700	6,408	+2,292
Missouri	11,812	10,462	+1,350
Montana	1,859	1,955	−96
Nebraska	3,791	3,390	+401
Nevada	8,997	6,290	+2,707
New Hampshire	1,323	987	+336
New Jersey	11,408	5,331	+6,077
New Mexico	13,834	13,318	+516
New York	21,697	13,765	+7,932
North Carolina	15,133	15,847	−714
North Dakota	1,772	1,617	+155
Ohio	11,057	9,346	+1,711
Oklahoma	18,390	21,762	−3,372
Oregon	7,167	5,318	+1,849
Pennsylvania	11,014	8,017	+2,997
Rhode Island	984	737	+247
South Carolina	6,568	7,083	−515
South Dakota	1,653	1,452	+201
Tennessee	12,226	12,672	−446
Utah	7,251	6,282	+969
Vermont	516	575	−59
Virginia	17,038	14,008	+3,030
Washington	19,119	15,695	+3,424
West Virginia	1,253	1,172	+81
Wisconsin	6,450	5,216	+1,234
Wyoming	1,575	1,364	+211

Migration between Texas and each other state, people on matched tax returns, 2022–2023.

Sources and methods

Every figure on this page comes from one of the datasets below and nowhere else. Nothing is estimated, interpolated or carried over from a previous edition. Where two sources measure something similar, they are reported separately rather than combined, because they are not measuring the same thing.

SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state outflow
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
Covers
Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
Last read
October 10, 2026
The IRS matches each individual income tax return filed in 2022 to the same taxpayer’s return filed in 2023 and compares the addresses. People and income are taken from the second return, so the income is what those households earned in 2022. Amounts are published in thousands of dollars.
Exact file we read Publisher’s page
SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state inflow
Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division
Covers
Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
Last read
October 10, 2026
The same flows listed by destination instead of origin. We read both files and publish a flow only when the two agree on it, which they do for every pair. The publisher’s page linked here is the IRS users guide, which defines every term used on this page.
Exact file we read Publisher’s page

Found something wrong? Our corrections log records every fix we have made, and we would rather hear about an error than have it stand.

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