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IRS tax-return data · 2022–2023

Pennsylvania Migration: Who Moved In, Who Moved Out

Where people who left Pennsylvania went, where its new arrivals came from, and the income that moved with them. Counted from the addresses on tax returns.

Source data last read . The IRS publishes one edition a year.

Moved in

199,298

People, from other states, 2022–2023

Moved out

214,178

People, to other states, 2022–2023

Net

−14,880

People: moved in minus moved out

Net income

−$2.18 billion

Arrivals’ income minus leavers’, earned in 2022

Between the 2022 and 2023 filing seasons, 199,298 people appear on tax returns that moved into Pennsylvania from another state, and 214,178 on returns that moved out. On balance Pennsylvania lost 14,880 people to the rest of the country. The households that arrived reported $9.44 billion in income and the ones that left reported $11.6 billion.

Its largest net gain came from New York (+13,961), and its largest net loss was to Florida (−9,650).

Where people who left Pennsylvania went

  1. 1Florida27,392
  2. 2New Jersey25,412
  3. 3New York21,120
  4. 4Maryland11,861
  5. 5North Carolina11,748
  6. 6Texas11,014
  7. 7Virginia10,056
  8. 8Delaware9,859
  9. 9Ohio9,789
  10. 10California8,987
Top 10 destinations for people leaving Pennsylvania, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Where new arrivals came from

  1. 1New York35,081
  2. 2New Jersey29,887
  3. 3Florida17,742
  4. 4Maryland14,328
  5. 5Virginia8,802
  6. 6California8,526
  7. 7Ohio8,364
  8. 8Texas8,017
  9. 9North Carolina7,203
  10. 10Delaware6,237
Top 10 origins of people moving to Pennsylvania, 2022–2023. Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division.

Pennsylvania and every other state

People moving in each direction, and the difference. A positive net means Pennsylvania gained from that state.

StateMoved in fromMoved out toNet
Alabama9101,465−555
Alaska440450−10
Arizona2,8313,037−206
Arkansas478633−155
California8,5268,987−461
Colorado3,0363,567−531
Connecticut2,6462,271+375
Delaware6,2379,859−3,622
District of Columbia1,1351,453−318
Florida17,74227,392−9,650
Georgia4,4616,686−2,225
Hawaii516537−21
Idaho428400+28
Illinois2,8833,243−360
Indiana1,6611,945−284
Iowa682677+5
Kansas617624−7
Kentucky1,2191,444−225
Louisiana966868+98
Maine695945−250
Maryland14,32811,861+2,467
Massachusetts4,3824,493−111
Michigan2,3362,582−246
Minnesota9701,143−173
Mississippi514527−13
Missouri1,2791,516−237
Montana327481−154
Nebraska336411−75
Nevada1,0941,261−167
New Hampshire798809−11
New Jersey29,88725,412+4,475
New Mexico539560−21
New York35,08121,120+13,961
North Carolina7,20311,748−4,545
North Dakota325257+68
Ohio8,3649,789−1,425
Oklahoma805813−8
Oregon1,155986+169
Rhode Island669644+25
South Carolina3,3737,269−3,896
South Dakota256320−64
Tennessee2,3263,617−1,291
Texas8,01711,014−2,997
Utah1,002971+31
Vermont515654−139
Virginia8,80210,056−1,254
Washington2,2252,666−441
West Virginia3,0633,254−191
Wisconsin9971,229−232
Wyoming221232−11
Migration between Pennsylvania and each other state, people on matched tax returns, 2022–2023.

Sources and methods

Every figure on this page comes from one of the datasets below and nowhere else. Nothing is estimated, interpolated or carried over from a previous edition. Where two sources measure something similar, they are reported separately rather than combined, because they are not measuring the same thing.

  • SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state outflow

    Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division

    Covers
    Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
    Last read
    October 10, 2026

    The IRS matches each individual income tax return filed in 2022 to the same taxpayer’s return filed in 2023 and compares the addresses. People and income are taken from the second return, so the income is what those households earned in 2022. Amounts are published in thousands of dollars.

    Exact file we readPublisher’s page

  • SOI Tax Stats: Migration Data 2022–2023, state-to-state inflow

    Internal Revenue Service, Statistics of Income Division

    Covers
    Returns filed in 2022 and 2023, 50 states and DC
    Last read
    October 10, 2026

    The same flows listed by destination instead of origin. We read both files and publish a flow only when the two agree on it, which they do for every pair. The publisher’s page linked here is the IRS users guide, which defines every term used on this page.

    Exact file we readPublisher’s page

Found something wrong? Our corrections log records every fix we have made, and we would rather hear about an error than have it stand.

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